Charles Bukowski’s Diction

Word usage alludes to the author's particular jargon decisions and style of articulation in a sonnet or story. An optional, basic importance is all the more unequivocally communicated with the word articulation †the craft of talking plainly so each word is obviously heard and comprehended to its fullest multifaceted nature and furthest point. Lingual authority has numerous worries; register words being either formal or casual in social settings. Artistic phrasing examination uncovers how a section builds up tone and portrayal. Knowing this, how might we apply this origination to Bukowski's works? It's basic: What is generally significant about Bukowski's works is the accessibility.His works are written in plain language which makes them a quick read, and â€Å"easily† translatable (in spite of the fact that the bests are consistently the firsts). Charles Bukowski's style is purportedly one of the most imitated on the planet because of its straightforwardness, and has impa cted various journalists in the authenticity development, which doesn't imply that this style is a simple decision, for the most part since his composing was, among different quirks, intensely affected by the geology and air of his home city (Los Angeles) and is set apart by an accentuation on the conventional existences of helpless Americans, the demonstration of composing, liquor, associations with ladies, and the drudgery of work.His voice is from individuals who involves a spot among those untouchables, outlaws, psychos and solitaries whose candid dreams accomplished despite seemingly insurmountable opposition a worldwide nearness. Henry Miller, Samuel Beckett, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Hubert Selby Jr. furthermore, William Burroughs were a few creators who, as Bukowski, utilized these topics to expess their own perspectives in a specific manner, being Bukowski the most â€Å"objective and clear† and non-academic one of them.Yet, even among such outcasts, he stays out side, a quintessential introvert, since the others, in contrast to him, uncover in their different styles a specific hard-won wrangling with writing that was, to him, the stuff of hoodwinks. The tone of a large portion of Bukowski's works is autobiographic and frequently reffers to his sentiments of a forever distorted kid in early immaturity by difficult bubbles, so serious that they must be carefully lanced.He likewise worked in a progression of terrible humble occupations, coming full circle in a desensitizing nine-year stretch in the U. S. Mail station, realities that would give him a great deal to expound on, particularly his sentiments corresponding to these realities. He entirely portrayed the degeneracy of urban life and the oppressed in American culture. Bukowski depended on understanding, feeling, and creative mind in his work, utilizing direct language, brutality and sexual imagery.He composes with a nothing-to-lose honesty which separates him from most other personal wri ters and artists. He has set up himself as an author with a steady and unyielding style dependent on what he anticipates as his ‘personality,’ the consequence of hard, serious living and the feeling of a ruined, relinquished world. Notwithstanding devastation, Bukowski’s free refrain handles the idiocies of life, particularly corresponding to death.The topics of this world are additionally drinking, sex, betting, and music; the Bukowski style, be that as it may, resembles a fresh, hard voice; a fantastic ear and eye for allotting the lengths of lines; and a shirking of representation where an enthusiastic story will do the equivalent sensational work. Moreover, his elegance with words gives a comic glimmer to even his meanest disclosures. Bukowski’s sonnets give the feeling that they're best refreshing not as individual verbal curios however as progressing portions in the story of his actual experiences, similar to a comic book or a film serial.They are em phatically account, drawing from an interminable gracefully of stories that normally include, for ex: a bar, a ghetto-ville lodging, a pony race, a sweetheart, or any change thereof. Bukowski’s free stanza is actually a progression of definitive sentences separated into a long segment, the short lines giving an impression of speed and brevity in any event, when the language is nostalgic or antique. Possibly that is the explanation of way the perusers feel so near him, as we're conversing with a dear friend.The certainty is that, with his own straightforward expression, which is so immediate and simple justifiable (however yet profound, touchy and genuine simultaneously) we can truly feel ourselves in what he's discussing, regardless of whether we have no clue about what it resembles to be from his point of view. At long last, we relate his encounters as the world and individuals as they truly seem to be, and we can't escape it any more. it's actual: torment and enduring assis ts with making what we call workmanship. given the decision I'd never pick this accursed agony and languishing over myself yet some way or another it discovers me as the eminences keep on moving on in.

Can India Become a Superpower Essay Example for Free

Would india be able to Become a Superpower Essay Would india be able to turn into a Superpower? The inquiry is normal and comes in evey mind, the theme is everlasting and in limeline. For being a superpower a nation must need to explain his outside and interior conflicts,its genuine that no nation a become a superpower if ts not a created one and india presently can't seem to devlope andcan be said as a developing force. Strolling on this way isn't so smooth you will discover thistles that make you faltering and here and there immense rocks are prepared to pound you so as India is confronting it in this present senario (courption and over and over millitant assaults). India: A short discription India supposed as fair nation attempting to turn into a created nation has a huge legacy. The general populace of India is 1.2 billion of every 2013 and as per study it will be going to get 1.4 billion out of 2025 and in 2050 it will get 1.6 billion. Putting some light on political field, Indian constitution has parliamentary framework, multiparty framework, liberal and preservationists. Be that as it may, it doesnt matter what rights we have there in our constitution since all are damaged either by us or by governmennt, cant fault on a specific culture or alliance of individuals. Presently, the inquiry comes, why it isn't so natural to turn into a superpower, even we have substantiated ourself in each area of improvement? It isn't so huge it is possible that you have made your first strides in each area of advancement however it for the most part relies upon the variables that changes over a nation from creating to a created nation. Chronicled botches India has endured a ton but it is experiencing ailment, in recorded time sickness was that we were continually being cracked by remote intruders Mughals, Englishmen, Portugese and so on. The explanation was our shortcoming on the grounds that around then exchanging were made for an enormous scope and to fullfill our requirements manual assembling begins declining and mechanical insurgency happen which was the dad of present day history and think about who was the mother as a matter of fact renissance that is re birth. Re birth of logic so the individuals of India were isolated in numerous parts and didnt acknowledge this change, presently we are confronting a major issue as around then we belive in customs not on reasons. The explanation was, we were not joined together and till now we are confronting a similar issue of solidarity. Inward clashes As disscused over the primary issue we face is Being a unified country yet not an assembled one that is, we state that India is a mainstream nation, each one can follow his/her religion and yes we are getting a charge out of it alot yet by one way or another religion has separated us. The best model, RESERVATION, it is strongly mark on the grounds that the most exceedingly awful thing to confront and to battle, its very like a railroad reservation, for that you need to sit tight for your call, however it never comes in light of the fact that the center man has held all the tickets for venture, here the center man are officials. Furthermore, on other hand the legislators are utilizing it as a weapon to fill their vote banks, the way, is giving reservation on the bases of religion and acquiring votes as indicated by it. Only they cannot be fault since its we who bolster them for our own motivation. Not just reservation there are numerous issues like Hindu Muslim clash, t elangana case, diffrent language (yes its additionally a reason for not being joined together) and so forth are likewise dependable and wrtting on this will take a great deal pages and suffcient time. Outside clashes India is encircled by part numerous neighbors like Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal, China, Bangladesh, Afganistan and Sri Lanka. India Has bilatreal connection with every one of its neighbors and attempting to keep up it however on the off chance that we talk about Pakistan one of the most seasoned adversary of India raising a great deal ruckus upheld by China. As of late there was a substantial heap of terminating in Poonch, Kashmir after PAK chooses its Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif who vowed to tackle issues with India in regards to there connection. In the event that we review our memory Sri Lanka used to state that the LTTE is upheld by India to break them. So its very clear despite the fact that we have two-sided connection with our neighbors, we are confronting a feeling of revolutionary from that point side. Fear based oppression One of the most noteworthy issue looked by India which is limiting it to turn into a super force. The word fear mongering consistently review us Kargil war(1999), 26/11 mumbai assault, Dantewada catastrophe and as of late the assault on congressmen, not just this a great deal a lot more assaults we have confronted. PAK millitants has compromise alleged paradise Kashmir anad on eastern side and focal part Naxalites answerable for slaughtering blameless individuals. Naxalites are considerd as fear based oppressor association after Unlawfull Activites (Prevention) Act 1967 and furthermore a most hazardous inward danger. Fear based oppression doesn't forces any shape, size, face, religion or network it is just to undermine individuals with weapon power. Courption Last yet not the least courption one of the significant danger which is rotening our admistrative framework from inside getting us feeble and on the off chance that we are frail than its solitary a fantasy to turn into a superpower. It adversly impacts our economy. No specific individual is liable for it we as a whole are liable for it. Each one of those trick like 2g colgate and CWG immensy affects our GDP rate,4.7% fourth quatqer of 2013 from 6.2% as per 2011-12 financial, which make the most of us to on Hindu pace of development that is moderate pace of growt. The above notice are a portion of the noteworthy reason separated from others, which are blocking India to turn into a superpower. Presumably the facts demonstrate that after autonomy we have raised ourself to a superior level in the feild of science, the travel industry, culture and so forth, however the objective is far away to achive and by and by India is rising as a superpower.

Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report Sample

Sifter Analysis Test Lab Report Paper The target of this test is to get the evaluating bend for both fine and coarse total. 1. Equalization parity or scale utilized in testing fine and coarse totals will have lucidness and precision as follows: For fine total, clear to 0. 1 g and exact to 0. 1 g or 0. 1 % of the test load. For coarse total, or blends of fine and coarse total, coherent and precise to SO g or 0. 1 % of the test load. 2. Sifters the sizes and gaps fitting to the detail tot the material being tried, conforming to BBS 410: For coarse total, standard vive size of 50. Mm, 37. 5 mm, 20. 0 mm, 14. 0 mm, 10. 0 mm, 5. 0 mm and 2. 36 mm (Fig. CLC-l), Poor fine total, standard strainer size of ICC mm, 5. 00 mm, 2,36 mm, 1. 18 mm, mm, 300 m and 150 m (Fig. ICC-2). 3. Mechanical Sieve Shaker a mechanical sieving gadget, used to make vibration of the strainer to make the particles ricochet. 4. Broiler a stove of suitable size equipped for keeping up a uniform temperature of Acoustic. Strategies Fine Aggregate I. Agent t est was picked by quartering (as indicated by BBS 812: Part 102: 1984) or by utilization of an example splitter (Fig. CO-3). The example to be tried ought to be the estimated weight wanted when dry. For this analysis, around 500 grams of fine total was gauged. 2. The examples was dried to consistent load in the heater at a temperature of 1050 C. 3. The examples was chilled off. The ideal sifters was settled arranged by diminishing gap size start to finish. 4 The example was put on the top strainer and the sifters was disturbed by mechanical sifter shaker for an adequate period so that after fulfillment, not more than one percent by weight of the buildup on any individual strainer will pass that sifter. We will compose a custom paper test on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer

Cormac McCarthy and His Exposure of a Problematic Modern American Society - Literature Essay Samples

The 1990s and early 2000s were full of revolutionary changes in society, and heralded some of the changes in technology usage and social norms that still define our lives today. Cormac McCarthy is an accomplished, acclaimed, and rather dark American author who wrote mainly during this time period. His writing is especially different, including odd punctuation, debilitating violence, and a scarily detached tone. However, he succeeded in capturing certain unpleasant aspects of modern American society and exposing them to readers through his novels. Although McCarthy is a largely idiosyncratic writer in terms of his style, he does represent the quintessential zeitgeist of the time period. The relationship between father and son is a large topic covered within Cormac McCarthy’s tenth book, The Road, which was published in 2006. In this novel, an unnamed father and son roam the roads of a gray, post-apocalyptic world with diminishing hope for survival. In desperation, the majority of the world’s survivors have reverted to cannibalism, and the father and son spend most of their time avoiding terrifying encounters with their gangs. Since the boy’s mother killed herself after losing faith in everything, the two are all that they have left in the world. During the late 1990s, â€Å"fatherlessness† was considered a very harmful trend that was â€Å"the leading cause of declining child well-being in our society† (Blankenhorn 1). It was often the scapegoat for crime, abuse, and domestic violence by adolescents. In a 1991 survey, the National Commission on Children described growing fatherlessness, saying father-son relationships are frequentl y tenuous and all too often nonexistent† (12). In the early 2000s, this idea influenced many to strengthen father-to-son bonds in order to eliminate fatherlessness’ reparations in society. The essential American image of a son playing catch with his father, â€Å"like father like son†, was reinforced. According to the U.S. Department of State, as of 2001, â€Å"fathers in intact families [were] spending more time with their children than at any point in the past 100 years† (Coontz 13). McCarthy exemplifies this resurgence of fatherly love, and its importance. His young son John is his greatest love in the world; the book is even dedicated to him. McCarthy’s story of the father and son in The Road oddly represents John and his relationship. He once said, â€Å"a lot of the lines that are in there are verbatim conversations my son John and I had†¦John said, ‘Papa, what would you do if I died?’ I said, ‘Id want to die, too,’ and he said, ‘So you could be with me?’ I said, ‘Yes, so I could be with you’† (McCarthy â€Å"Hollywood’s Favorite Cowboy†). Though it is a very strange relationship, the bond between the father and son in this novel is known as one of the most moving relationships in literature. The first words spoken by the man in the book are about his son: â€Å"if he is not the word of God, God never spoke† (McCarthy The Road, 5). He later states that â€Å"the boy was all that stood between him and death† (29). The immense love that the father has for his son is the only thing that allows him to survive; for keeping the boy alive is his single remaining purpose. In the boy’s case, his father embodies his last shred of morality. The idea that they are the good guys, â€Å"carrying the fire†, is the one thing that keeps the boy from losing himself in his dismal surroundings (278). This relationship is a rare sanguine aspect discussed by McCarthy in the entire book. The love is tragic but never-ending. Being one of the only plot points one can call beautiful and positive within the story, it is greatly appreciated by readers. The â€Å"extraordinary tenderness† exhibited by the father and son in the midst of such a hellish world is inspiring to readers (Maslin). This single remaining sliver of humanity, is a much-needed counter to the bleakness of the story. It also is one of the only points within such an abstract plot that readers can connect to. In the midst of cannibalism, starvation, and constant raining ash, a beautiful and surprisingly normal filial relationship remains con stant. Yet, McCarthy being the terrifying writer he is, includes the heart-wrenching death of the father at the end of the story, leaving the boy to fend for himself. In this way, McCarthy continues his trend of tragic and entirely unsatisfying endings. Nevertheless, this bond perfectly represents the growth of love between father and son represented both by McCarthy and John, and their time period. Numbness to violence is a large issue addressed by McCarthy in The Road. The introduction of the internet and mass media occurred in the 1990s, and rapidly gained popularity during the early 2000s. As this popularity grew exponentially, information was spread faster and to an incredibly wide audience. Modern-day violence has grown to be portrayed so much in world culture, that people are now blind to its barbarity. The statistics of rising violence are appalling. As of 1993, 46% of children in a survey admitted to being beaten up. 51% had been threatened with a gun or another weapon. 17% of the children had been shot by a gun (â€Å"Growing Up Fast and Frightened†). As of 1994, children younger than 18 were 244% more likely to be killed by guns than they were in 1986. One out of every six youths between the ages of 10 and 17 saw or knew someone who had been shot. Most shocking, the average child watched 8,000 televised murders and 100,000 acts of violence before finishing elem entary school (Adler). By 1998, violent crime had increased 560% since 1960. The child (youths under 19) homicide rate had more than quadrupled since 1960. From 1990 to 1994, more than double the number of people who died in the Vietnam War (58,000 people total) were murdered in the United States (119,732 people) (Stetson). Because death was so prevalent in every day life by the time of The Road, people had built up an almost impenetrable tolerance to the despicable and gruesome. McCarthy noticed this issue that, it seemed, everyone was susceptible to. He tries to raise awareness of the numbness to violence in contemporary society throughout his novels, especially in The Road, by including many a grisly description. For instance, the father and son stumble upon a tractor-trailer on the road, and decide to look inside for provisions. The man opens the roof of the container with a jacknife, only to find, â€Å"human bodies. Sprawled in every attitude. Dried and shrunken in their rott en clothes.† (McCarthy, The Road 48). He speaks often of â€Å"the dead impaled on spikes along the road†, illuminated harshly by daylight (53). In an especially harsh scene, the boy notices a charred human infant headless and gutted and blackening on the spit† left by a group of cannibals (167). These images, witnessed by the protagonist father and his painfully young son, force the reader to feel and to sympathize with the characters, as well as to reflect on the violence that occurs every day in the real world. McCarthy told of several different letters he had received from many different countries after his book came out, all stating the same thing: â€Å"They said, ‘I started reading your book after dinner and I finished it 3:45 the next morning, and I got up and went upstairs and I got my kids up and I just sat there in the bed and held them’† (McCarthy â€Å"Hollywoods Favorite Cowboy†). McCarthy’s goal of urging readers to rethink their ideas of humanity within society is accomplished by describing the emotional scarring that the apocalypse has had on the pair, rather than detailing the violence itself. Because people are so unrelentingly exposed to violence on a daily basis, simply violent scenes would not have such an effect on the reader; what was truly necessary for McCarthy was to force readers to feel the trauma experienced by the father and son. The characters’ emotional reactions to the violence around them are somehow illustrated by McCarthy’s sparse writing. As a result, the reader cannot help but feel the fear and despair emanating from the man and his son. McCarthy gives us the opportunity, in this way, to â€Å"affirm [evil’s] inexplicable reality† by â€Å"jolting us out of complacency† (Cremean 57). Only after this was done would readers’ blindness to brutality be broken. However, some critics find McCarthy’s depictions of violence extre mely unsettling, and even traumatizing. According his fanatics’ concept of â€Å"McCarthyism†, this disturbance is caused by deviating from the Just World Hypothesis. This hypothesis states that people must believe that the human world is a place where people receive whatever they deserve; that is, bad guys are punished, and good guys are rewarded. However, McCarthy’s story in The Road explains that this is not the case. Both the father and son suffer unspeakable horrors, although they are inherently good people. The boy’s mother kills herself to escape the pain of the world, they see death everywhere they look, and their situation never brightens or becomes easier to bear. According to the hypothesis, if someone is dealt pain and grief, people must believe that they, in some way or another’ deserved it, or that it was at the fault of some divine being greater than themselves. However, in McCarthy’s novel, there is absolutely no explanation for the violence dealt to the characters. They are the â€Å"good guys† who deserve none of the suffering placed upon them. There is no God who can account for that suffering in their world, a world where everything, even ethics, have deteriorated. Because of this, people have cast off the violence as being unnecessary. Yet the violence does have a point, o ne that may very well account for McCarthy’s purpose as an author; the violence is included in order to force readers to reflect on their own society and to allow them to realize that this situation is not entirely impossible. Every day, real people are dealt undeserving troubles. The depictions by McCarthy define violence in its very real and very true essence. It serves, not to pummel readers with senseless brutality, but to contrast the bad with the good. This is how love, sacrifice, and, and bravery exhibited by the father-son duo are illuminated in the novel, thereby contrasting their importance and meaning in a world of constant and cruel violence. Although the book exhibits unjust punishments dealt upon the â€Å"good guys†, subsequently leaving the reader without resolution or a stereotypically happy ending, the violence McCarthy includes is essential to forcing a realization upon people; that they are numb to the fact that the human world has been, is and will continue to be, a very violent place. In this way, The Road effectively deals with the major issue of violence in McCarthy’s age. Growing numbness regarding violence is also a prevalent issue in McCarthy’s ninth novel, No Country for Old Men, though in a different way. Though the book was published in 2005, it takes place in the Texas desert backcountry during 1980. The story begins with Llewelyn Moss finding a drug deal gone horribly wrong, and a briefcase left behind filled with over two million dollars. The money belongs to Anton Chigurgh, the leader of a drug ring and a terrifying psychopath who lacks the ability to comprehend normal human emotion. Chigurgh chases after Llewelyn, and finally succeeds in killing him and his wife, Carla Jean. The 1980s was a decade of escalating violence. In 1980, the homicide rate in the United States rose to 10.2 per 100,000 people from 9.7 in 1979. During the 1960s, it had only been 4.6 per 100,000 (Cooper). This increased violence led to a general numbness towards brutality in America. McCarthy exposes this to his readers by including many harsh acts of violence. F or instance, Wells, a hitman trying to find Chigurgh, finds an elderly, insignificant woman who was shot by Chigurgh: â€Å"she’d been shot through the forehead and had tilted forward leaving part of the back of her skull and a good bit of dried brain matter stuck to the slat of the rocker behind her† (McCarthy No Country for Old Men, 147). Additionally, McCarthy subtly exhibits the overall violence of the time by including a great deal of minutiae about the guns used by his characters. These descriptions include, â€Å"a nickel-plated government .45 automatic, a nine millimeter parabellum, a pistol with a hairspray-can silencer, a stun gun (for unlocking doors), an Uzi, a stainless steel .357 revolver†, and the list continues on. These details â€Å"greatly add to the deadly miasma† of the story, causing every description of death to become increasingly tragic (Proulx). The clinical, detached way that McCarthy describes these weapons emulates the way tha t people saw violence from the 1980s up to the early 2000s. He writes without a hint of ethos or pathos; no ethical or moral wrongness is tied to his descriptions of death. While this may seem scarily uncaring of McCarthy to the reader, he is only describing violence just as all people did during that era, and still do: with a nearly impenetrable numbness. From finding several rotting corpses in a desert, shot to pieces over drug money, to intense gun battles in the streets, Llewelyn Moss’ story is told as if by a machine. Most readers find this disturbing and entirely abnormal. People dislike how McCarthy enumerates every act of bloodshed â€Å"as though violence were a dry industrial process† (Kirn). Others criticize the sheer amount of deaths included by McCarthy in the novel, saying â€Å"murder leads to murder, the innocent pulled in along with the more than guilty and many in between† (Cheuse). However, both of these aspects are intrinsic to moral of McCar thy’s story. As difficult as it may be to read, the detached way he describes multitudinous deaths emulates the treatment of violence by Americans in the 1980s. The struggle with spirituality exhibited by McCarthy’s characters in No Country for Old Men correlates with the loss of faith during the early 2000s. Though the percentage of people that did not ally themselves with any faith in particular dropped slightly in 1980, it gradually increased and continued to do so throughout the time that McCarthy was writing the book. In 1950, the â€Å"nones†, or non-affiliates, comprised a mere 2% of Americans. In 1980, it reached 6.5%. In 2005, it was nearly at 11%. The spike after these years resulted in one third of Americans under 30 years of age identifying as a â€Å"none†. The adolescents and young adults surveyed had been â€Å"coming of age in the America of the culture wars, in the America in which religion publicly became associated with a particular brand of politics† (â€Å"Losing Our Religion: The Growth of the Nones†). Therefore, this shift of religious beliefs in the American youth was most likely lin ked to the growing conservatism in the 80s. McCarthy himself is not affiliated with any particular beliefs. He once explained, â€Å"I have a great sympathy for the spiritual view of life, and I think that its meaningful. But am I a spiritual person? I would like to be† (McCarthy â€Å"Hollywood’s Favorite Cowboy†). He writes about his struggle with spirituality by infusing it into his characters. He talks often of â€Å"that God that lives in silence who has scoured the land with salt and ash† (McCarthy No Country for Old Men, 45). He describes God as an abstract figure who, if He exists, has never moved to help anyone. Subsequently, almost all of the main characters in many of McCarthy’s novels experience immense hardships, with no apparent help from any divine being. Carla Jean says, â€Å"you’ve suffered a loss of faith. I’ve suffered a loss of everything I ever had† when talking to Chigurgh (256). Sheriff Ed Tom reflects u pon religion several times: â€Å"I always thought when I got older that God would sort of come into my life in some way. He didn’t. I dont blame him. If I was him I’d have the same opinion about me he does† (267). McCarthy’s message was eye opening for some, and agitating for others. Some felt it further added to the constant depression of the characters’ situation: â€Å"satan exists, the world is getting worse, and God is too busy with other matters to care. Hes written us off and moved on to fresh creations† (Kirn). Critics see religion as just another thing lost from the inherently good characters of the story. However, the addition of loss of faith by McCarthy had a very important part in his purpose of writing the novel. The pure evil that is seen in No Country for Old Men surreptitiously demands a realization from readers: that if divinities are all-knowing, trustworthy, and superior, they would not allow innocents to encounter trage dy. Yet, in McCarthy’s novels, they do; just like in the real world. Innocent citizens in this novel die violently at the hands of evil, represented by Chigurgh. A police officer is strangled to death by Chigurgh’s handcuffs. Llewelyn experiences immense violence and fear before being ruthlessly killed. Even the most guiltless character, Carla Jean, has everything taken away from her, including her own life, by the end of the book. McCarthy’s hope is merely to explain the painful truth that was illuminated in the 1980s: that there is no religion that can save people from seeing evil and death in every day life. It is a fallacy to think that belief in God saves one from these experiences. This realization caused people to lose faith. McCarthy writes poignantly about religion being a presence in people’s lives, but not a solution to the pain and suffering of the world. One of the biggest issues of the 1980s, by which No Country for Old Men is largely influenced, was the war on drugs. McCarthy had lived in El Paso, Texas, a city bordering Mexico, for years. El Paso’s neighboring city in Mexico is Ciudad Juà ¡rez, a city with one of the highest murder rates in the world because of its location on the biggest drug route into North America. The slogan of the city is, â€Å"‘if Juà ¡rez is a city of God, that is because the devil is scared to come here’† (Cremean 78). Drug trafficking in Mexico began with its role as a heroine funnel into the United States for Columbian cartels. Soon, the drugs that were pouring into the country grew to be the top issue in America. The number of citizens who saw drug abuse as America’s most worrying problem increased from 2-6% in 1985 to 64% in 1989 (â€Å"A Brief History of the Drug War†). The government’s response was the Just Say No campaign, led mainly by First Lady Nancy Reagan. All throughout the 1980s, the campaign hired popular celebrities to back their ideology of zero tolerance for drug use in order to sway the mass public from encouraging cross-border drug trafficking. Though this had little effect on smuggling drugs into the country, it called attention to one of the greatest continuing issues of the last century. The drug war of the 80s is alluded to by McCarthy throughout Llewelyn’s journey. The central plot point occurs when Llewelyn stumbles upon a heroine deal between cartels that ended in a violent massacre. Pablo Acosta Villarreal, the most powerful drug lord of the Mexican-American borderlands during the 1980s, is referenced by McCarthy when some of the men chasing after Llewelyn are referred to as â€Å"Pablo’s men† (McCarthy No Country for Old Men, 141). McCarthy’s descriptions of gun battles in motels and in the streets of Mexico, with â€Å"dead bodies in the street. Citizens businesses all shot up†, sound like events from a fictional action movie (134). However, they were very real, and very likely occurrences of the 1980s borderlands. This particular topic may not be one subject to much criticism, because McCarthy portrayed it so accurately. That being said, it is a topic that many readers are loathe to revisit or learn about because it brings up the feeling of panic caused by drugs in America during the 80s. Though Cormac McCarthy represents the zeitgeist of the early 2000s in his novels The Road and No Country for Old Men, he is an incredibly unique author. His writing style is often cited as being â€Å"Faulkner-esque†. William Faulkner is known for his blatant, methodical, and systematic descriptions that often shock readers by differing from common, sugar-coated literature. McCarthy follows this trend, allowing his uncomfortable topics to resonate at a deeper level in readers. He is also known for using little to no punctuation. He uses periods, capitals, and the occasional apostrophe or comma; there are no quotation marks included in any of his writings. McCarthy believes, â€Å"there’s no reason to blot the page with weird little marks† (McCarthy â€Å"Cormac McCarthy on James Joyce and Punctuation†). These things have often subjected McCarthy to criticism. Nevertheless, his depictions of the human condition, however uncomfortable and painful, precisely represent the early 2000s. Growing rates of violence, loss of faith, drug sales, and other societal issues have thus far characterized the new millennium. Though The Road and No Country for Old Men may have been arraigned by some, they accomplish McCarthy’s purpose of exposing the ugly, yet important, aspects of 21st century society to readers. Works Cited Adler, Jerry. Kids Growing up Scared. Newsweek. Newsweek, 9 Jan. 1994. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Blankethorn, David. Fatherless America: Confronting Our Most Urgent Social Problem. New York: HarperCollins, 1995. Print. A Brief History of the Drug War. Drug Policy Alliance. Drug Policy Alliance, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Cheuse, Alan, prod. McCarthys No Country for Old Men.' All Things Considered. NPR, 28 July 2005. Web. 10 Feb. 2016. Coontz, Stephanie. The American Family: Where We Are Today. U.S. Society and Values 6.1 (2001): 13-16. PDF file. Cooper, Alexia, and Erica L. Smith. Homicide Trends in the United States, 1980-2008. Research rept. no. NCJ 236018. Bureau of Justice Statistics. N.p., Nov. 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2016. Cremean, David N., ed. Cormac McCarthy. Ipswich: Salem, 2012. Print. Growing up Fast and Frightened. Newsweek. Newsweek, 21 Nov. 1993. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Kirn, Walter. No Country for Old Men: Texas Noir. New York Times. New York Times, 24 July 2005. Web. 10 Feb. 2016. Losing Our Religion: The Growth of the Nones.' NPR. NPR, 13 Jan. 2013. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Maslin, Janet. The Road through Hell, Paved with Desperation. Rev. of The Road, by Cormac McCarthy. New York Times [New York] 25 Sept. 2006, Books of the Times: n. pag. New York Times. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. McCarthy, Cormac. Cormac McCarthy on James Joyce and Punctuation. Interview by Oprah Winfrey. OPRAH.com. Harpo, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2016. -. Hollywoods Favorite Cowboy. Interview by John Jurgensen. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones, 20 Nov. 2009. Web. 25 Jan. 2016. -. No Country for Old Men. New York: Vintage, 2005. Print. -. The Road. New York: Vintage, 2006. Print. Proulx, Annie. Gunning for Trouble. Rev. of No Country for Old Men, by Cormac McCarthy. The Gaurdian. Guardian News and Media, 28 Oct. 2005. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Stetson, Brad. Human Dignity and Contemporary Liberalism. N.p.: Praeger, 1998. Google Books. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Works Consulted Adler, Jerry. Kids Growing up Scared. Newsweek. Newsweek, 9 Jan. 1994. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Blankethorn, David. Fatherless America: Confronting Our Most Urgent Social Problem. New York: HarperCollins, 1995. Print. A Brief History of the Drug War. Drug Policy Alliance. Drug Policy Alliance, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Cheuse, Alan, prod. McCarthys No Country for Old Men.' All Things Considered. NPR, 28 July 2005. Web. 10 Feb. 2016. The Columbian Cartels. PBS. FRONTLINE, Entropy, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Congress. Congressional Research Service. Mexicos Drug Cartels. By Colleen W. Cook. N.p.: n.p., 2007. PDF file. Coontz, Stephanie. The American Family: Where We Are Today. U.S. Society and Values 6.1 (2001): 13-16. PDF file. Cooper, Alexia, and Erica L. Smith. Homicide Trends in the United States, 1980-2008. Research rept. no. NCJ 236018. Bureau of Justice Statistics. N.p., Nov. 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2016. Cortazar, Maximiliano, et al. Announcement on the Joint Operation Michoacan. Mexico City. 11 Dec. 2006. Presidencia de la Repà ºblica. Sistema Internet de la Presidencia, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2016 Cremean, David N., ed. Cormac McCarthy. Ipswich: Salem, 2012. Print. Goldman, Linda. Facts about Children and Violence. Breaking the Silence: A Guide to Helping Children with Complicated Grief Suicide, Homicide, AIDS, Violence and Abuse. 2nd ed. N.p.: Taylor and Francis, 2001. 62-64. Google Books. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Gootenberg, Paul. Blowback: The Mexican Drug Crisis. NACLA. NACLA, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Growing up Fast and Frightened. Newsweek. Newsweek, 21 Nov. 1993. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Just Say No Campaign. The Eighties in America. Ed. Milton Berman. Vol. 2. Hackensack: Salem, 2008. Print. Kirn, Walter. No Country for Old Men: Texas Noir. New York Times. New York Times, 24 July 2005. Web. 10 Feb. 2016. Losing Our Religion: The Growth of the Nones.' NPR. NPR, 13 Jan. 2013. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Mallory, Stephen L. Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations. Understanding Organized Crime. 2nd ed. Sadbury: Jones Bartlett Learning, 2011. 68-85. Criminal Justice Illuminated. Google Books. Web. 31 Jan. 2016. Marshall, Claire. Gang Wars Plague Mexican Drugs Hub. BBC News. N.p., 14 Aug. 2005. Web. 31 Jan. 2016. Maslin, Janet. The Road through Hell, Paved with Desperation. Rev. of The Road, by Cormac McCarthy. New York Times [New York] 25 Sept. 2006, Books of the Times: n. pag. New York Times. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. McCarthy, Cormac. Cormac McCarthy on James Joyce and Punctuation. Interview by Oprah Winfrey. OPRAH.com. Harpo, n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2016. -. Hollywoods Favorite Cowboy. Interview by John Jurgensen. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones, 20 Nov. 2009. Web. 25 Jan. 2016. . -. No Country for Old Men. New York: Vintage, 2005. Print. -. The Road. New York: Vintage, 2006. Print. The Militarization of the U.S. Civilian Firearms Market. Washington DC: Violence Policy Center, 2011. PDF file. Proulx, Annie. Gunning for Trouble. Rev. of No Country for Old Men, by Cormac McCarthy. The Gaurdian. Guardian News and Media, 28 Oct. 2005. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Religion. Gallup. Gallup, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Stetson, Brad. Human Dignity and Contemporary Liberalism. N.p.: Praeger, 1998. Google Books. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Winchell, Mark Royden. Inner Dark: Or, the Place of Cormac McCarthy. Southern Review Apr. 1990: n. pag. Artemis Literary Sources. Web. 27 Jan. 2016.

OPT trabajar tras estudiar en una universidad de EEUU

Los estudiantes universitarios extranjeros en Estados Unidos pueden tener derecho a un permiso de trabajo por un mà ­nimo de un aà ±o que se conoce como OPT (programa de entrenamiento opcional, sigla en inglà ©s). Cuando un extranjero con visa F-1 acaba sus estudios puede: Regresar a su paà ­s de origenConseguir una visa de trabajo, siendo las mà ¡s populares las H-1B  y para mexicanos con profesiones listadas en el TLC, la visa TN es una excelente opcià ³n.Continuar con sus estudios, generalmente una maestrà ­a o un doctoradoO conseguir empleo y trabajar con un permiso de trabajo que se obtiene tras solicitar el OPT. Quà © estudiantes extranjeros pueden solicitar un OPT Este programa aplica a los estudiantes de otros paà ­ses que se encuentran en Estados Unidos con una visa F-1 và ¡lida y està ¡n cursando una licenciatura (BA o BS), una maestrà ­a o incluso un doctorado. Cuà ¡ndo se puede trabajar en base al OPT Es posible solicitar el programa antes o despuà ©s de graduarse. En el primer caso es necesario que: El estudiante haya completado en Estados Unidos al menos un aà ±o de curso acadà ©mico.El trabajo a realizar està © directamente relacionado con sus estudios.Trabaje a tiempo parcial mientras durante el curso acadà ©mico, pudiendo ampliar su horario laboral a tiempo completo durante las vacaciones. Pero si se solicita para trabajar despuà ©s de graduarse podrà ¡: Trabajar a tiempo completoSe descontarà ¡ del tiempo mà ¡ximo de OPT los dà ­as ya trabajados antes de graduarse, si ese fuera el caso.Y siempre serà ¡ necesario que el trabajo està © directamente relacionado con el à ¡rea de estudio del estudiante internacional.Tambià ©n se puede crear una empresa. Estas son 8 opciones para obtener visa y fundar una empresa, incluida con una OPT. Tramitacià ³n del OPT Una vez que se encuentra una empresa dispuesta a contratar al estudiante internacional, està © debe ponerse en contacto con el DSO (oficial designado de la escuela, siglas en inglà ©s). Es la persona en la universidad a cargo de los estudiantes de otros paà ­ses. Corresponde al DSO recomendar al estudiante para que se le conceda el OPT y realizar labores administrativas requeridas por las autoridades de inmigracià ³n de Estados Unidos para que pueda ser aprobado ese programa. Por ejemplo, que se registre la peticià ³n en SEVIS. Tiempo de vigencia del OPT En principio, el premiso de trabajo es và ¡lido por un total de doce meses. Sin embargo, los que se conceden una vez que el estudiante ha completado sus estudios y està ¡n relacionados con ciertas à ¡reas pueden prorrogarse por 17 meses mà ¡s. Estas extensiones està ¡n limitadas a lo que se denomina como estudios en materias STEM (Ciencias, Tecnologà ­a, Ingenierà ­a y Matemà ¡ticas, siglas en inglà ©s). Asà ­ los estudiantes especializados en estos estudios tendrà ¡n la opcià ³n de pedir una ampliacià ³n del tiempo de trabajo autorizado. Para saber exactamente quà © se debe estudiar para ser considerado como STEM se puede consultar el listado de cursos elegibles publicados por CIP. En todo caso, incluye carreras como: Ciencias de la computacià ³n aplicadasCiencia Mà ©dicaCiencia Tecnolà ³gicaBiologà ­aBiomedicinaEstadà ­sticasIngenierà ­aMatemà ¡ticasMatemà ¡ticas aplicadasTecnologà ­a Militar Los estudiantes internacionales en esas materias que deseen prorrogar su OPT deben haber completado sus estudios de licenciatura (tà ­tulo universitario, maestrà ­a o doctorado en eso y trabajar en ese campo. Por ejemplo, si una persona se gradà ºa de la universidad con un BS en Matemà ¡ticas pero luego hace un MBA (maestrà ­a de negocios) y tiene un OTP relacionado con esto à ºltimo, entonces no podrà ¡ solicitar una extensià ³n por tener una licenciatura de estudios STEM. Es muy importante entender eso. Por à ºltimo, para poder solicitar esta extensià ³n de 17 meses. Requisitos que hay que cumplir mientras se trabaja con un OPT El estudiante internacional -aunque haya finalizado sus estudios- deberà ¡ notificar al DSO cualquier cambio de su domicilio, correo electrà ³nico o cambio de empleador o lugar de residencia de este. Incluso cambios en su nombre, como por ejemplo en casos de matrimonio. Asimismo, cada seis meses deberà ¡ confirmar que no se ha producido ninguno de eso cambios. Te puede interesar La universidad  en Estados Unidos puede  resultar muy cara. Por ello, un buen nà ºmero de estudiantes internacionales prefieren iniciar sus estudios en un Community College, estas son sus ventajas. Y estas son 25 becas a las que pueden optar los estudiantes internacionales por mà ©rito.Y estas son 13 universidades de à ©lite que siguen la polà ­tica de need-blind  para todo tipo de estudiantes, incluidos los internacionales (becas totales o casi para los estudiantes que son admitidos).Las 10 mejores universidades de Estados Unidos (y del mundo)Cuà ¡les son las Ivy League

Mobile Phone Cloning - 1069 Words

MOBILE PHONE CLONING WHAT IS CELL PHONE CLONING? Cell phone cloning is copying the identity of one mobile telephone to another mobile telephone. Usually this is done for the purpose of making fraudulent telephone calls. The bills for the calls go to the legitimate subscriber. The cloner is also able to make effectively anonymous calls, which attracts another group of interested users. Cloning is the process of taking the programmed information that is stored in a legitimate mobile phone and illegally programming the identical information into another mobile phone. The result is that the cloned phone can make and receive calls and the charges for those calls are billed to the legitimate subscriber. The service provider†¦show more content†¦And the worst part is that there isn’t much that you can do to prevent this. Such crime first came to light in January 2005 when the Delhi police arrested a person with 20 cell phones, a laptop, a SIM scanner, and a writer. The accused was running an exchange illegally wherein he cloned CDMA-based mobile phones. He used software for the cloning and provided cheap international calls to Indian immigrants in West Asia. A similar racket came to light in Mumbai resulting in the arrest of four mobile dealers Introduction While mobile cloning is an emerging threat for Indian subscribers, it has been happening in other telecom markets since the 1990s, though mostly with regard to CDMA phones. Pleas in an US District Court in 1997 effectively ended West Texas authorities first case of `phone cloning. Authorities in the case estimated the loss at $3,000 to $4,000 for each number used. Southwestern Bell claims wireless fraud costs the industry $650 million each year in the US. Some federal agents in the US have called phone cloning an especially `popular crime because it is hard to trace. 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Gateway Selection in Wireless Mesh Networks

Question: A Research Proposal with Abstract, Research Goals, Background, Significant, Research Method, Ethical Issues, Facilities and Resources, Data Storage, Timeline and References headings. Answer: Abstract This paper covers the issues with gateway selection method and designs in wireless mesh network. The paper discussed about the topic and how the issues have evolved, what the impacts are and what may be future directions in solving the issues. It covers a range of literature on this topic to get adequate insight in the topic. Research Goals The goals of the research is to understand the topic deeply and then understand the issues related with the topic. The extensive research and literature review will give knowledge on the subject so that the solutions to the problems can be found out. In this research proposal, it will just give a detailed outline of the topic and future research. Background Information and communication technologies have become advanced and efficient in last few decades. The improvement is radical and it has made the broadband technologies and internet more robust and wide spread. Internet has become an integral part of any communication technology. It carries various type of information and offers different type of network services. The speed of data transmission has also improved. Now a days, Internet can be accessed from any smart phone, PDA, laptop, computer and several other smart devices. Wireless internet connection through wireless LANs at public places like airports, stations etc. All these have led to the wireless mesh network. Wireless mesh network is a topic that is being studied and researched in academia and industry extensively. This has added mobility to access to the Internet. In a wireless mesh network, the nodes are interconnected through some predefined set of gateways. Gateways are same as other nodes with some special features. A wireless mesh network consists of several multihop and wireless routers. These routers communicate through radio transmissions with other routers and nodes. [1] Gateways are used mainly for providing a wide area connectivity to the nodes attached to the network. Deployment of wireless mesh network can be done using IEEE 802.16 standard. [2] There are several amendments of this publication. Also, there have been a number of testing or pre deployment phases that have been planned parallel to the standardization process. Currently, a larger and multihop wireless mesh network includes more than a single gateway for connecting to the Internet. Previously, a single gateway called root node was used to provide access to the Internet. But introduction of multiple gateways in the network allows flexibility in the deployment and selection of the gateways. [3], [4]. So, use and selection of multiple gateways in a wireless mesh network has raised several design aspects. [5] For example, The selection of a gateway. Assignment of the gateway nodes. Routing through the selected gateways during a multihop data transmission. Now, the focus of this research is on selection of the gateways. Significance Wireless mesh networks are significant due to various reasons. Thus the factor of selection of gateway in wireless mesh network is becoming an important concern. [6] IEEE 802.11 based LANs are still in use and sometimes these are used as backbones in wireless mesh networks. These networks use static WMRs or wireless mesh routers. These WMRs create a multihop backbone to the IEEE 802.11 based LANs. It becomes last mile and high speed internet connection. Some of the special WMRs are used for connecting the wireless mesh network with IP addresses for accessing Internet. The routing is performed by the routers that are also used as access points in wireless mesh network. The backhaul routing strategy is used here. Here the main concern is maintenances of the connectivity and finding proper route. So gateway selection is an important part here. [7] Researches have shown some efficient gateway selection schemes for this cases. Future standards for wireless mesh networks can be developed based on these selection schemes with a little modification. The metrics used for selection of gateways are, route interference, gateway load and path quality. [8], [9], [10] Other than technical advantages, wireless mesh networks are low cost solutions in internetworking. So, this is another reason behind the popularity of wireless mesh networks. Other than cost savings the advantages of WMPs are, easier deployment, robust architecture, reliable coverage, stability in topology etc. For handling disaster recovery situations WMNs are very useful in storing back the network. Thus, WMNs and selection of gateways in WMNs is very useful subject to study. In future, it may help in redefining the network structures and standards. Gateway selection in WMNs has significance in optimizing the performance of the network and in distribution of network traffic. [11] Selection of different routers in a WMN will lead to achieve different throughputs on capacity of the network. Researches have shown several outcomes in this context. [12] There are several methods and algorithms for efficient routing management, congestion control etc. Literature Review There have been several researches going on for the topic of selection of gateways in wireless mesh networks. The main problem of gateway selection is about selecting the right access points in the wireless mesh network as gateways to the Internet. So that, the objective function of minimization of transmission of total traffic through the gateways is optimized. The reduction in the amount of transmitted traffic will reduce the chances of link failure and delay in communication. The problem is solved by setting an objective function by assuming that each of the nodes in the mesh network will have some demand for network traffic. Mathematically the selection problem can be expressed as, given the interference model of the network and number of gateways as k, the solution will have all k gateways placed in the mesh network. The total through put is maximized from the network. It ensures some degree of fairness is terms of loads among all nodes in the network. A deployment using grids c an implement optimization through a cross layer throughput. The wireless communication technologies have advanced a lot in last decades. At the same time internet has got a significant growth. Wireless mesh networks are evolving due to these changes. Now, network operators face challenges in designing mesh networks effectively. The design of the topology, routing considerations and placement of gateways are main areas to focus in wireless mesh network design. There are different aspects and methods for designing effective wireless mesh networks. These designs considers two possibilities. Either the designs improves performance of an existing network or plan deployment of a new network. A survey on these designs reveals these issues. [13] In the last few decades the number of researches in the field of design, deployment and improvement of performances in wireless mesh networks have been raised significantly. The clients and routers in a wireless mesh network are part of it. The clients have maximum mobility whereas the routers must have minimal mobility. It poses a requirement while selection of nodes as gateways. The routers with minimal mobility forms the backbone of a wireless mesh network. [14] Traditional clients of the wireless mesh network have access to the backbone. Wireless mesh networks can be integrated with other types of networks like cellular network, Internet, sensor based network, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.11 etc. The integration is accomplished by bridging and use of gateways by the mesh routers. The clients in a wireless mesh network can be either mobile or static. There may be a mesh network of clients and another mesh network of routers. Wireless mesh networks gives significant advantage s over wireless local area network or WLAN, wireless metropolitan area network or WMAN, wireless personal area network or WPAN, ad hoc networks by overcoming the limitations of these kinds of networks. Wireless mesh networks can deliver better wireless connectivity service to larger geographical areas. In spite of several researches still there are challenges in wireless mesh networks at protocol levels.. The research paper from Akyildiz, Wang and Wang shows a survey of the WMNs. It has outlines different issues with WMNs from protocol design to gateway selection. It also shows the calculation for the theoretical capacity of the network and other protocols. [15], [16] The paper by Papadaki and Friderikos discusses about the issues related to planning and routing optimisation in a wireless and multihop mesh netwrk. The paper is focused on mathematical formulations. It deals with capacitated and uncapacitated selection of gateways and routing in wireless mesh networks. Mathematically, the problem of selection of gateways in a wireless and multihop network is an NP-Complete problem. So, only approximation is possible to this problem. The scholars have extended the formultion of the problem to the capacitated scenrio. There are several evidences that the research shows significant improvents within a very little optimal gap in a realistic netowork. Their works have shown solutions to the problems related to modeling in WMNs, for example restrictions on the number of hops in a routing sub tree, multi rate transmissions, declaration of unreliability is leaves of a routing tree etc.. The main goal of gateway selection in a wireless mesh netowork is optimazation of the performance of the network. The performance can be measured by several metrics and quality of Service or QoS. [17] There are numerous factors that affects the QoS in a wireless mesh netowork. Some of the important ones are, number of gateways, number of nodes under a gateway, location of a gateway in the topology of the network, relay load, faireness in access to the gateway and internet, range of transmission etc. [18] , [19] As it has been already said that the problem of finding the solution to the selection of gateway in a wireless mesh netowork is NP-Complete. So, finidng a solution to the problem by satisfying all factors of the QoS is NP hard. But, a optimal solution, neares to the actual solution can be found out through different approximation methods. There are heuristic algorithms that helps in finding out a polynomial time algorithm for the optimal solutions. In the paper by Drabu and Pe yravi shows such an solution for the problem of selection and placement of gateways in a wireless mesh network. They have used some results from some previous works in the similar field for comparing the sub optimal results with their work.. [20] Research Methods In this research, it will try to address all issues with gateway selection in WMNs, what are the causes and what may be possible countermeasures. For that purpose, there will be primarily extensive literature review on related topics. Also there will be simulations if required. Ethical Issues The research will follow all norms, rules and ethical considerations while carrying out the research process. No information will be collected from unauthorized sources and without proper citation. All details about the simulation and literature reviews will be listed. No results will be stolen from other peoples work. The research will follow all six principles of ethics in research. Those are, Assurance of integrity and quality of research. If required, then it will ask for and provide consent from respective entities. If needed, it will ensure confidentiality of the participants in the research. It will not force any participating entity in the research. The research will be impartial and independent. However, it will use the resources from current and previous searches and academic resources. But all these usage will be properly cited. Facilities and Resources The research will depend heavily on previous and current works on wireless mesh network and other technologies. So, most of the resources will be academic papers, journal and reports. Some of these Data Storage All data related to this project will be handled and stored ethically and securely. It will not intentionally breach any data privacy or protection laws. Timeline The timeline for the research is in appendix 1 Conclusion In this research proposal, it has covered some works on gateway selection problem and then it has stated the research goals, background etc. The proposal also describes the data storage, timeline, facilities and resources of the research. It outlines an overview of the research on selection of the gateway in wireless mesh network problem. The future work is following the proposal and carrying out the research successfully. References [1] J. Xie and X. Wang, "A Survey of Mobility Management in Hybrid Wireless Mesh Networks," IEEE, 2008. [2] M. Portmann and A. A. Pirzada, "Wireless Mesh Networks for Public Safety and Crisis Management Applications," IEEE, 2008. [3] S. Tajima, T. Higashino, N. Funabiki and S. Yoshida, "An Internet Gateway Access-Point Selection Problem for Wireless Infrastructure Mesh Networks," IEEE. [4] D. Benyamina, A. Hafid and M. Gendreau, "Optimal Placement of Gateways in Multi-Hop Wireless Mesh Networks: A Clustering-based Approach.," in IEEE 34th Conference on Local Computer Networks, Switzerland;, 2009. [5] Y. Hu, W. He, S. Yang and Y. Zhou, "Multi-Gateway Multi-Path Routing Protocol for 802.11s WMN," IEEE, 2010. [6] U. Ashraf, S. Abdellatif and G. Juanole, "Gateway Selection in Backbone Wireless Mesh Networks," in WCNC 2009 proceedings, 2009. [7] K. Papadaki and V. Friderikos, "Gateway selection and routing in wireless mesh networks," Computer Networks, vol. 54, p. 319329, 2009. [8] W. Wu, J. Luo and M. Yang, "Gateway placement optimization for load balancing in Wireless Mesh Networks," IEEE, 2009. [9] F. Zeng and Z. Chen, "Load Balancing Placement of Gateways in Wireless Mesh Networks with QoS Constraints," IEEE, 2008. [10] T. Aure and F. Y. Li, "An Optimized Path-Selection Using Airtime Metric in OLSR Networks: Implementation and Testing," IEEE, 2008. [11] B. He, B. Xie and D. P. Agrawal, "Optimizing the Internet Gateway Deployment in a Wireless Mesh Network," IEEE, 2007. [12] W. Liu, H. Nishiyama, N. Kato, Y. Shimizu and Tomoaki, "A Novel Gateway Selection Technique for Throughput Optimization in Configurable Wireless Mesh Networks," International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 195-203, 2013. [13] D. Benyamina, A. Hafid and M. Gendreau, "Wireless Mesh Networks Design - a survey". [14] E. Bortnikov, I. C. I. Keidar and T. K. A. Vaisman, "AQoS WMN with Mobility Support," Mobile Computing and Communications Review, vol. 12, no. 1. [15] I. F. Akyildiz, X. Wang and W. Wang, "Wireless mesh networks: a survey," Computer Networks, p. 445487, 2005. [16] P. H. Pathak and R. Dutta, "A Survey of Network Design Problems and," North Carolina State University. [17] Y. Drabu and H. Peyravi, "Gateway Placement with QoS Constraints in Wireless Mesh Networks," IEEE, 2008. [18] J. J. Galvez, P. M. Ruiz and A. F. Skarmeta, "Responsive on-line gateway load-balancing for wireless mesh networks," Ad Hoc Networks, 2012. [19] B. Aoun, R. Boutaba, Y. Iraqi and G. Kenward, "Gateway Placement Optimization in Wireless Mesh Networks With QoS Constraints," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 2127-2136, 2006. [20] E. Ancillotti, R. Bruno and M. Conti, "Load-balanced Routing and Gateway Selection in Wireless Mesh Networks: Design,Implementation and Experimentation," IEEE, 2010. Appendix 1

Macbeth Essay Essays (824 words) - Characters In Macbeth

Macbeth Essay Macbeth Essay I am going to prove that in the play Macbeth, a symbol of blood is portrayed often(and with different meanings), and that it is a symbol that is developed until it is the dominating theme of the play towards the end of it. To begin with, I found the word "blood", or different forms of it forty-two times (ironically, the word fear is used forty-two times), with several other passages dealing with the symbol. Perhaps the best way to show how the symbol of blood changes throughout the play, is to follow the character changes in Macbeth. First he is a brave honoured soldier, but as the play progresses, he becomes a treacherous person who has become identified with death and bloodshed and shows his guilt in different forms. The first reference of blood is one of honour, and occurs when Duncan sees the injured sergeant and says "What bloody man is that?". This is symbolic of the brave fighter who been injured in a valiant battle for his country. In the next passage, in which the sergeant says "Which smok'd with bloody execution", he is referring to Macbeth's braveness in which his sword is covered in the hot blood of the enemy. After these few references to honour, the symbol of blood now changes to show a theme of treachery and treason. Lady Macbeth starts this off when she asks the spirits to "make thick my blood,". What she is saying by this, is that she wants to make herself insensitive and remorseless for the deeds which she is about to commit. Lady Macbeth knows that the evidence of blood is a treacherous symbol, and knows it will deflect the guilt from her and Macbeth to the servants when she says "smear the sleepy grooms with blood.", and "If he do bleed, I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal, for it must seem their guilt." When Banquo states "and question this most bloody piece of work," and Ross says "is't known who did this more than bloody deed?", they are both inquiring as to who performed the treacherous acts upon Duncan. When Macbeth is speaking about Malcolm and Donalbain, he refers to them as "bloody cousins" A final way, and perhaps the most vivid use of the symbol blood, is of the theme of guilt. First Macbeth hints at his guilt when he says "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?", meaning that he wondered if he would ever be able to forget the dastardly deed that he had committed. Then the ghost of Banquo, all gory, and bloody comes to haunt Macbeth at the banquet. The sight of apparitions represents his guilt for the murder of Banquo which he planned. Macbeth shows a bit of his guilt when he says "It is the bloody business which informs thus," he could not get the courage to say murder after he had killed Duncan, so he says this instead. Lady Macbeth shows the most vivid example of guilt using the symbol of blood in the scene in which she walks in her sleep. She says "Out damned spot! Out I say! One: two: why then 'tis time to do't: hell is murky. Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier, and afeard? What need we fear who knows it when none can call out power to account? Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him?". This speech represents the fact that she cannot wipe the blood stains of Duncan off of her hands. It is ironic, that she says this, because right after the murder, when Macbeth was feeling guilty, she said "A little water clears us of this deed." When the doctor of the castle finds out about this sleepwalking, he tells Macbeth "As she is troubled with thick-coming fantasies,". What this means, is that Lady Macbeth is having fantasies or dreams that deal with blood. Macbeth knows in his mind that she is having troubles with her guilt, but does not say anything about it. Just before the ending of the play, Macbeth has Macduff at his mercy, and lets him go, because of his guilt. He shows that he is guilty, when he says "But get thee back, my soul is too much charg'd with blood of thine already.". Of which, Macduff replies, "I have no words, my voice is in my sword, thou bloodier villain than terms can give thee out." After the death of Macbeth at the hands of Macduff, the symbolic theme of blood swings

Counter Transfer As A Professional Social Work Essays

Counter Transfer As A Professional Social Work Essays Counter Transfer As A Professional Social Work Essay Counter Transfer As A Professional Social Work Essay In my point of position, it is inevitable that persons ever have their ain bounds to exceed, for those precisely are the real-selves and human nature. No 1 s perfect and nil s the lone pick. I was been taught to separate between the good people and bad people since I was a kid, turning up bit by bit, I realize that there is no restrict boundary line or criterion to justice people. No affair the one is ugly or beautiful, looked nice or shabby. I know that the visual aspect of persons can non be tantamount to who are they, what we saw sometimes is non what truly is. Though, these rules and principles are rather sensible and persuading, there is still acquiring opportunities to be self-asserting and judgmental towards person. Possibly people merely experience bad about certain specific group out of inherent aptitude for some grounds are difficult to be cognizant of. But as a possible societal worker, I need to research more about myself and calculate out how to get by with the failings in human nature through insistent pattern and to a individual with the minimal bias and judgement every bit less as possible. 1 the ground why I choose MSW The Social Work had non been a really clear construct until I decided to use for this major of the University of Hong Kong, for I was majored in the Public Affairs Management of the undergraduate schooling. At that clip, a general thought came to my head that the Social Work is specialized in the concrete affairs. It is besides the ground why I choose this major for I hope to larn the practical accomplishments instead than the abstract and practical academic cognition. However, there has been a concern bing in my bosom that I am afraid what if I can non make anything to those who are seeking aid and aid, though I know it is merely because my old major are rather irrelevant the current one which make me a small spot nervous, for I am the sort of individual that if I feel I am non qualified to assist people so I will non prematurely offer aid. So I need to be well-equipped myself in order to assist people readily at any clip. I think the biennial Master of Social Work plan is besides a journey for me to make the self-exploration. I am an ordinary individual with defects in personality, but I hope to better myself through the graduate student. 2 The impeditive factor from the past experience In the sphere of societal work pattern, it can be imagined that we as the possible societal worker will take assorted instances and confront with different sorts of clients. And I deem that we will non hold excessively much right to take which client we will cover with. In my positions, I think I need to develop myself to be a qualified societal worker with a wide head and high credence and tolerance. After contemplation, I think the clients who looked fierce and barbarous might arouse images of my past experiences, particularly my childhood experience. I was a really diffident and timid when I was a kid. After reexamining my yesteryear, I deem that there are two grounds lending to my cowardice. The deep ground is the over-protection from my household members. Because my female parent gave birth of me about in dystocia, I ever got illness for the non good physical quality. Therefore, all of my households and relations particularly took attention of me. Particularly my parents hardly allowed me to play with other kids after dinner, for they thought I was vulnerable easy to acquire injury, which contributed me to a quite speechless and a coward kid at that clip. I frequently could non show my feelings good. For illustration, I hardly talked back or defended for myself when the other kindergarten schoolmates bullied me. For this ground, I stilled remembered my female parent taught me many clip to protect myself. But I still did non alter a spot in my childhood. And there is a piece of panicky memory in my childhood. It was a lingering memory that I was about kidnapped at 3 old ages old and a half. In the anteroom of a local infirmary, my female parent put my down and she went to bring the medical specialties, a alien merely keep me in his weaponries when I was waiting for my female parent and intended to take me off, coincidentally meeting my uncle who was traveling to hospital to take us place around the gate of the infirmary. I did non retrieve the exact expression of that alien but a really barbarous image in my head. Since so I was highly afraid of people with ferocious and fierce expression and hardly daring to speak to the 1s with that expression. 3 The analysis of the Social Work Practice position Though now I am a grown-up with critical thought and rational judgement, I can command my fright when confronting with such sort of individual. Sometimes I feel that there is still a spread between myself and the feeling of that sort of individual, and I still seek to maintain distance with those sorts of people. Therefore, it is necessary to happen out the possible influence on the future societal work pattern. After reexamining some books and articles, I think my fright about specific group would perchance trip the countertransference in the future societal work pattern. At one manus, I know the fright of the expression like barbarous client is bing in my head ; one the other manus, I hope I still can supply efficient aid to him/her, and I do non desire my pervious experience to impede the intercession procedure. Sometimes, I am even doubted whether it is merely an alibi for me to entree something new. This self-inconsistency is what I am disquieted about. First, I need to calculate out what is countertransference. The proficient term of countertransference was first clip mentioned in 1910 by Freud ( Gelso A ; Hayes, 1998 ) . He thought that the countertransference is happened during the therapy session, because of the patient s influence on the healer, the profession might respond unsuitably against the professional demand Reich ( 1951 ) subdivided the countertransference into two types: the chronic and the ague . The former is based on the personal features which have the cardinal influence on the human behaviours ; the latter will perchance go on on the status that facing with the specific client in some specific circumstance. Contemporarily, mentioning to Bouchand, Normandin and Seguin, there are three types of countertransference: 1 ) Objective-rational countertransference as the impersonal type ; 2 ) Reactive countertransference as the conflictive 1 ( something about the client might remind the societal worker of non good p ast experience ) ; 3 ) Brooding countertransference as the positive 1 ( will actuate the societal worker to hold deeper penetration into the client ) ( 1995 ) .The modern-day positions the countertransference from professions reactions to clients related to one s present/ yesteryear experiences or the features of clients ( James, 2008 ; Knight, 2006 ; Nichols, 2006 ) . In my position, the countertransference can be summarized as the ineluctable overt or covert reactions from the societal worker triggered by some characteristic or experience of the clients, during the innovation procedure or realized by societal workers themselves, and the implicit in ground for the reactions is the unresolved issues of the societal worker. Second, the possible effects of the countertransference can be positive for the societal worker every bit good as the clients. The countertransference plays an of import and influential function in the psychotherapeutics. Every coin has two sides, if the societal worker can take the advantage of the countertransference, so the therapy procedure will be more good for the client on the ground that the societal worker will give more energy and clip on behalf of the client. In the visible radiation of the basic cognition of the Social Work and the counsel of the Code of Practice for Registered Social Worker from NASW, some societal workers can acquire an consciousness of the emotional or feeling reactions towards the certain clients, so if they start to review the implicit in reason-their yesteryear experiences, it will be non merely a good opportunity for the societal worker to cognize herself/himself better and decide the past issues but besides provide more efficient assist the client s from the deep penetration of the contemplation. 4 Personal program of get bying with countertransference 4.1 Coping with fright Harmonizing to the typical professional countertransference reactions summarized by Knight ( 2006 ) and Etherington ( 2002 ) , my state of affairs is rather similar to the disliking certain types of clients ( Papalia, 2009 ) . For my instance, I think my internal feeing is fear for those looked barbarous people and I might transpirate with some covert disfavors if facing them. It can be seen that my fright stems straight from the first feeling. Based on the feeling, it is prone to do anticipation or expectancy of the people I first clip meet with. Therefore, foremost, I should to larn to avoid the primacy consequence by giving the psychological suggestion to myself like He/she is merely a client non precisely a bad individual ; I should be professional and so on , merely like a self-talk, with several times of deep breath, which will assist me clam down. Second, happening something in common can alleviate the fright. When you undertake a high-stakes anticipation, maintain looki ng until you find some common land, something you portion with the individual whose behaviours you seek to foretell -this will assist you see the state of affairs as he perceives it. 4.2 Making the regular self-contemplation Though life in a metropolis with rapid life pacing, there is still indispensible to squash clip for myself and believe about what I have been through. In my positions, I can do the self-contemplation through 3 different ways, foremost is the self-reflection, affecting an analytical gestural duologue with myself in order to detect and screen out the beginnings of feelings and perceptual experiences. Everyday, a period of clip is required to do retrospection and self-introspection, which I think it is a good manner to develop myself holding a peaceable head. For case, I have a ready to hand notepad, really I have already written out a twosome of them of thoughts or short journals since the first twelvemonth in senior high school. Now I non merely necessitate to compose what I am believing about but besides make some analytical thought on what I have expressed on the journals. Second, communicating with close friends and relations is besides a good channel to cognize myself better. Mere ly as the old stating bystander is ever clear-minded , I would wish to speak to them acquiring some edifying positions if I feel scared about person. Third, watching movies and the other mass media, I want to obtain positive support that the non good looking people are non ever the bad people. 4.3 Learning self-denial and alleviating the negative emotion accomplishments Mentioning to the work of Hayes and Gelso, they put frontward five effectual factors of countertransference direction. First is the self-integration, which is important in placing with clients and set the necessary boundaries. Second is the anxiousness direction. The trait of anxiousness is really typical in countertransference relationship between societal worker and client. Third is the conceptualizing accomplishment. It is a cognitive procedure for the societal workers to get the hang. Fourth is the empathy, by seting to client s feelings, the more likeliness of societal worker will run into the client s demand. The fifth is the self-insight. This point is rather similar with the self-reflection ( 1991 ) .Through these five managing factors, societal workers can make some self-training to command their negative emotions for the interest of turning away to impede the therapy. 5 Decisions Actually, I think it is the merely the beginning of self-reflection. In the hereafter, there will be more quandary for me to undertake and some clients might remind me of the other negative emotions or unpleasant memories, therefore, I need to maintain the wont of contemplating and introspecting as an imperative portion of my day-to-day life. Merely in this manner can I be reasonable and acute to the emotional alterations of my ego. What we think will direct our behaviours. No affair what I will acquire through in the hereafter, I will seek my uttermost to hone myself in order to function people with the consistent enthusiasm and eternal attempts.

Leadership challenge in GAS Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership challenge in GAS Co - Essay Example 5.2. Many car manufacturers have begun to convert their product designs to run on greener alternatives than petroleum fuels. 5.3. Cars and land vehicles using the green technologies will be in mass production by 2015 (three years from this report), in increasing volumes every year, pursuant to mandatory provisions in international agreements and EU directives. 5.4. At present, GAS Co. is still aggressively expanding its conventional gasoline stations which, while offering biofuels, are still designed primarily for petroleum fuels; there are no special design or system considerations yet for alternative fuels. 5.5. The firm’s executives still loyally pursue the original strategy of their parents to pursue the petroleum business which is its present competency; no new competencies are being developed beyond ethanol gasoline (E85). 6. Strategy to overcome the challenge to the leadership 6.1. The present leadership must resolve to break away from its traditional strategy and consi der gaining new competencies in the alternative technologies. 6.2. Aggressive construction of refilling stations should be suspended, pending new designs pursuant to the new competencies. 6.3. Environmental scanning should be conducted to determine the technologies most likely to be adopted in their franchise areas. 6.4. Massive reorientation of R&D and engineering designs, followed by HRD, training, and operations, should follow the decision as to what innovative technologies to adopt. 6.5. New franchise contract should be revised and existing franchises renegotiated in accordance with the proposed technical changes. 7. Conclusion The leadership should assess the new technical, regulatory, and business environment and articulate their company strategies and plans to ensure the firm’s... The organization upon which this discussion shall centre is a petroleum company which, for confidentiality purposes upon the company’s request, this study shall be designated as GAS Co. The firm’s business is the wholesale and retail distribution of petroleum fuel and lubricant products. The firm is based in an emerging Asian economy, and presently has some 500 retail stations located throughout the Southeast Asia and Pacific region, and about 30 depots that store quantities of downstream petroleum products (i.e., diesel, kerosene, unleaded, ethanol (E85), and premium gasoline). GAS Co. began in 1978 as a family corporation which offered mass storage facilities for petroleum and petrochemical based products; it then expanded into providing wholesale supply of petroleum products to industrial and manufacturing clientele. Thereafter it entered into a partnership with one of the world’s leading suppliers of lubricant additives, which enabled the company to undertake its own research and development in lubricants. Not long thereafter, when the downstream oil industry was deregulated by the national government, GAS Co. took the bold step of being the first local petroleum retailer to establish its line of refilling stations. It is now the leading local petroleum retailer in the country, and continues to expand by franchising its fuel refilling stations, which it began in the 1990s.

Week four assignment (history) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week four assignment (history) - Essay Example vocation was introduced, meaning that American soldiers were not allowed to shoot at the enemy combatant unless they were shot at first, yet this was a full-blown conventional war which was unforgiving because it was fuelled by the communist ideology and actively supported by the communist USSR. Later on, the same soldiers were made to wait for approval to open fire on enemy combatant, in the ROE. In part, this was also a source of anger for the individual soldiers felt that they were being restricted merely for political reasons, and not serious considerations: American Presidents, wanted to maintain America’s international reputation as a country that values life. Battalion Commanders unlike individual soldiers serving under them had a wider threshold of operational freedom. Interestingly, Battalion Commanders had more operational freedom than their superiors even though they seldom fully utilized these powers. Battalion Commanders were accorded the power to use their discretion depending on: the nature of military operations they were discharging; and the type of force they were presiding over. Battalion Commanders such as Col. David Hackworth who served in the 101st Airborne Division adopted guerrilla war strategies to match Vietcong’s strategies. This was informed by strategic, other than political reasons. The ROE accorded Division Commanders more power at the platoon, company and battalion levels. Nevertheless, there were ROE-informed limitations such as the Division Commanders not being allowed to engage in divisional-sized combat. ROE had bifurcated Division Commanders into on-line and off-line categories, with the former being the only category being the only one allowed to engage its platoons on operations and patrols, provided that the group was being led by commanders. Division Commanders nevertheless were nevertheless restricted by institutional policies and Corps Commanders, and thereby making this group a hindrance to the effectiveness of

Importance of deadlines Essay Example for Free

Importance of deadlines Essay I have never worked in any job were it is acceptable to miss deadlines. Deadlines should never be disregarded as they are. I can offer no explanation as to why people routinely complain about instructors who do not return graded tests and papers when promised; faculty routinely complain about colleagues who neglect to complete their work on time; and I have seen administrators that simply plead with faculty, time and again, to complete long-overdue assessments or other important work. I’ll grant that in the current economic circumstances, with many academic units at many colleges, universities and branches underfunded and understaffed, faculty and staff alike are being asked to do more and more work with fewer people, fewer resources, and less time. But if we’re being honest we have to admit that the problem of faculty who are unaccountable to deadlines is an older problem than the current economic crisis; within academe the problem is endemic, systemic, epidemic. Regardless of the cause, when the routine, sometimes mundane business of the university is neglected or even just delayed, complications and stress cascade through the ranks, amplifying the problems that fellow faculty, staff, and even students must then deal with and solve. Even worse, sometimes the most egregious offenders when it comes to blowing off deadlines are senior faculty, who should, frankly, know and behave better. One step toward reducing the stress and work we create for others, and ourselves, might be to take more seriously the deadlines that often accompany our work, but that are sometimes neglected when faculty perceive, often quite wrongly, that there are no negative consequences for missing a deadline. Some deadlines are absolutely rigid, such as the filing dates for theses and dissertations, the sorts of deadlines that must be met if one hopes to graduate on time. These rigid deadlines are the types of bureaucratic  deadlines that we have to navigate routinely in order to complete graduate degrees, apply for grants, or otherwise navigate the complex institutions of the modern academy. Other deadlines are effectively rigid. When your department chair or a fellow faculty member assigns you a task with a due date, it behooves all faculty members to regard those sorts of deadlines as rigid, especially if you don’t have tenure. Such deadlines might be negotiable in some circumstances, but they aren’t to be disregarded altogether. Blowing off your campus bookstore’s deadline for textbook orders, for example, may seem like a trivial lapse. But potentially, missing even such a seemingly small deadline creates additional work for the already-swamped employees placing the orders, and it can result in higher costs for students if books have to be rush-shipped or if the window to order used texts is missed. Even though you are unlikely to suffer personally for missing the deadline, others may suffer. A whole other set of the deadlines that we face in academe are self-imposed, milestones that we set for ourselves in order to complete the nebulous, long-running projects that often comprise research and scholarship. Even though such self-imposed deadlines are soft, in that there is no enforcer that will come forward and punish, chastise, or cajole us if we miss them, I think that it’s generally a bad idea to miss even the deadlines that we set for ourselves. Assuming, and this is a big assumption, that the deadlines we set for ourselves are realistic. These soft deadlines can’t be taken too lightly — the ability, or inability, to set and meet goals without external guidance or enforcement will determine whether or not a tenure-track faculty member is able to meet expectations for scholarly productivity and ultimately win tenure. One of the tricks to managing these soft deadlines is learning to set goals that are both meaningful and realistic. It is much easier said than done, and hopefully an advanced graduate student receives extensive mentorship on how to manage the research workload. Cooperative, self-policing structures like writing groups are one way to formalize soft deadlines and hold ourselves  accountable to ourselves and to others to complete, or at least make progress on, our long-term projects. An important part of managing our work is knowing how to differentiate between soft and rigid deadlines, and how to prioritize deadlines across all of the varieties of work required of faculty. Deadlines matter in our interactions with students as well. My feeling is that if I am going to hold students strictly accountable to a deadline, then I too need to be accountable in similar ways. When I give my students writing assignments, each assignment is accompanied by a specifically articulated series of deadlines for when drafts and peer reviews are due, a deadline for each stage of the writing process, each of which students are expected to meet. But my assignments also include deadlines for myself, essentially promises of when I will return things like graded papers. Holding students strictly to deadlines, but then failing to return work in a timely manner, sends a message of hypocrisy to students that they immediately detect and disdain. I hold myself as accountable to self-imposed deadlines, just as I hold my students accountable. By advertising my own deadlines for tasks like grading, in this case on the writing assignment itself, I create a mechanism that forces me to be accountable. When it comes to interacting with colleagues, I also work hard to meet deadlines. As a junior faculty member, I never want to be the squeaky wheel, never want to be the committee member who fails to turn in work on time and holds up other people and an entire process. My unwillingness to be branded as a shirker is in addition, of course, to the glaringly obvious point that it is simply a common courtesy to meet administrative deadlines. Everyone in the university has work to do, much of it important work, and failing to do our own work in a timely, professional manner unnecessarily delays the work of others. There are certainly times when we realize that we will be unable to meet a deadline. If you foresee missing an externally imposed deadline, it’s both courteous and good policy to let interested parties know, sooner rather than  later, that you may be delayed in delivering your work. Such a warning at least allows others involved in the work to improvise an accommodation. Simply allowing a deadline to pass without a word of warning is discourteous and doesn’t allow others to help ameliorate the effects of your own delays. And missed deadlines are almost always noticed, even when the matter at hand may seem trivial. As you progress in your career, you may be asked to peer-review manuscripts that have been submitted to journals in your subdiscipline. It is especially important to meet an editor’s deadlines when conducting reviews of manuscripts. Some disciplines have a culture of turning reviews around quickly, while other disciplines (particularly in the humanities) are notorious for a tradition of taking months, sometimes even over a year, simply to review manuscripts. As a result of slow turnarounds and senior scholars who can sometimes be cavalierly unconcerned about conducting reviews in a timely manner, junior scholars often suffer. I once had a journal hold onto an article of mine for four months, during which time a staffer sent me a cryptic message implying that the article was undergoing review. After four months had passed, I was notified that the editor had decided not to send out the article for review, and to reject it outright. The editor was well within his rights to reject the article, but to take four months to do so was lazy and unprofessional in the extreme, and borderline unethical. Secondarily, because the article had not been sent out to reviewers, but simply sat on the editor’s desk, I did not even have the benefit of the feedback of reviews. Those four months were time that I could have spent revising the article, or submitting it at a different journal. Unfortunately, such stories are legion, and I have heard much more egregious examples of how editors’ or reviewers’ failures to keep to a reasonable schedule have hurt the publication prospects of junior scholars. Unfortunately, we are often tasked with work that feels trivial or futile. Or meaningful work simply piles up into seemingly unmanageable stacks. Every faculty member I know feels overwhelmed at some point in the semester. Nonetheless, when we neglect to complete work in a timely manner, our  colleagues and students sometimes suffer. Sometimes there isn’t as much accountability in the academy as there should be, which is all the more reason to hold ourselves accountable